BEHAVIOURAL AND ANTICONVULSANT EFFECTS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF FICUS VALLIS CHOUDAE (MORACEAE) STEM BARK
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ABSTRACT
Ficus vallis choudae is a plant widely spread in tropical Africa including Nigeria. It is said to be of value in ethnomedicine especially in the treatment of jaundice, gastrointestinal problems, giddiness and epilepsy. The anticonvulsant activity of methanol stem bark extract of Ficus vallis was studied in mice and two-day old cockrels. This study was conducted using three models; pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure test, maximal electroshock seizure test and 4-aminopyridine-induced seizure test. Also, the sedative as well as motor coordination deficit effects were studied in mice; using diazepam-induced sleep, hole-board test, and walking beam assay models respectively. The extract afforded 25.0%, 50.0% and 33.3% protections at doses of 80mg/kg, 40mg/kg and 20mg/kg respectively against pentylenetetrazole seizure model. It also significantly increased the onset of seizures at doses of 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg (p5,000 mg/kg (p.o.) in mice whereas that found in chicks were 774.6 mg/kg (i.p.) and >5,000 mg/kg (p.o.). The preliminary phytochemical screening reveals the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and glycosides. These results suggest that, F. vallis extract possess biologically active compounds that have anticonvulsant properties, and are sedative in nature.
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